Biographies: Philip, Alexander, and Darius
Philip II of Macedon: Philip II of Macedon was king of Macedon from 359 B.C to 336 B.C. In his early life, he was held hostage in Illyria and Thebes. In Thebes he gained lots of knowledge about battle strategy and the military. His brother, Perdiccas III, brought him back from Thebes. In 364 B.C he returned to Macedon, and in 359 B.C, he became king. Philip was married seven times and had many children, (one of them being Alexander the Great.) Philip used all of his military knowledge to strengthen/renovate the army. His tactics/knowledge was extremely helpful, and soon the Macedonian army was a superior force. From all the battles and fighting, Philip was actually blind in one eye and walked with a limp. In 336 B.C, Philip was assassinated by one of his body guards.
Alexander the Great: Alexander III, son of Philip II, was born in Pella, Macedonia. In 336 B.C, Alexander became king due to his father's assassination. He claimed the throne and even killed his rivals before they could challenge him for the throne! Alexander was excited to follow in his father's footsteps and display his battle tactics. The death of his father had caused rebellions across conquered nations. Alexander saw this as a chance for independence. Alexander won many battles during this time and conquered many places. He became king of Persia, Babylon, and Asia. In 334 B.C, Alexander defeated Darius III's army and declared himself the king of Persia. In 323 B.C, Alexander died of malaria in Babylon.
Darius III: Artashata was born in 380 B.C in Persia. In 336 B.C, he took the throne at age 43. When he did this, he renamed himself, "Darius III." Darius didn't really have any extraordinary talents, and did not have much experience ruling an empire. In 334 B.C, the Greeks (Alexander the Great) were fighting with the Persians. Darius never showed up for the battle. Over a year later, at the Battle of Issus, the Greeks defeated the Persians, and Darius was forced to flee. Alexander even captured Darius's family and held them captive. In July of 330 B.C, Darius died. A man named Bessus murdered him.
Alexander the Great: Alexander III, son of Philip II, was born in Pella, Macedonia. In 336 B.C, Alexander became king due to his father's assassination. He claimed the throne and even killed his rivals before they could challenge him for the throne! Alexander was excited to follow in his father's footsteps and display his battle tactics. The death of his father had caused rebellions across conquered nations. Alexander saw this as a chance for independence. Alexander won many battles during this time and conquered many places. He became king of Persia, Babylon, and Asia. In 334 B.C, Alexander defeated Darius III's army and declared himself the king of Persia. In 323 B.C, Alexander died of malaria in Babylon.
Darius III: Artashata was born in 380 B.C in Persia. In 336 B.C, he took the throne at age 43. When he did this, he renamed himself, "Darius III." Darius didn't really have any extraordinary talents, and did not have much experience ruling an empire. In 334 B.C, the Greeks (Alexander the Great) were fighting with the Persians. Darius never showed up for the battle. Over a year later, at the Battle of Issus, the Greeks defeated the Persians, and Darius was forced to flee. Alexander even captured Darius's family and held them captive. In July of 330 B.C, Darius died. A man named Bessus murdered him.
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